Please note that, if left without other options, the Editorial team of SAJ team shall issue a motion for a paper’s withdrawal or retraction, in the best effort to preserve excellence and academic integrity. Legal limitations of the publisher, copyright holder or author(s), infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submissions, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or any major misconduct will result in the retraction of an article. Occasionally a retraction can be used to correct errors in submission or publication.

SAJ adheres to retraction standards developed by relevant academic bodies. In the electronic version of the retraction note, a link shall made to the original article. In the electronic version of the original article, a link is made to the retraction note. The original article shall not be changed, save for a watermark on the PDF indicating on each page that it is ‘retracted.’